基于PLC和组态王的温度控制系统设计

基于PLC和组态王的温度控制系统设计 

  摘 要

可编程控制器是一种应用很广泛的自动控制装置，它将传统的继电器控制技术、计算机技术和通讯技术融为一体，具有控制能力强、操作灵活方便、可靠性高、适宜长期连续工作的特点，非常适合温度控制的要求。
   在工业领域，随着自动化程度的迅速提高，用户对控制系统的过程监控要求越来越高，人机界面的出现正好满足了用户这一需求。人机界面可以对控制系统进行全面监控，包括过程监测、报警提示、数据记录等功能，从而使控制系统变得操作人性化、过程可视化，在自动控制领域的作用日益显著。
本文主要介绍了基于西门子公司S7-200系列的可编程控制器和亚控公司的组态软件组态王的炉温控制系统的设计方案。编程时调用了编程软件STEP 7 -Micro WIN中自带的PID控制模块，使得程序更为简洁，运行速度更为理想。利用组态软件组态王设计人机界面，实现控制系统的实时监控、数据的实时采样与处理。实验证明，此系统具有快、准、稳等优点，在工业温度控制领域能够广泛应用。
关键词：温度控制  可编程控制器   人机界面   组态王

Abstract

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a kind of automatic control equipment which is widely used in the industrial manufacture. It merges the traditional control technology, computer and communication technologies with a strong ability to control, flexible operation, high reliability and suitable for long-term characteristics of continuous work. It is very suitable for temperature control requirements.
In the industrial field, with the rapid increase in the degree of automation, it is more and more important to monitor the process of control system for the users. The emergence of human-machine interface meets the needs of users. Man-machine interface can comprehensively monitor the control system, including process monitoring, alarm, data logging and other functions, so that the control systems have become user-friendly operation, the process of visualization and it will play more and more important part in the field of automatic control.
This essay mainly introduces a design of temperature control system with SIMATIC programmable logic controller (PLC) and configuration software Kingview which is developed by Beijing Yakong Company. When programming, we use the PID control arithmetic software module which is contained in the program software STEP 7 -Micro WIN so that the program looks easier and operates more quickly. In order to monitor the control system and process data in actual time, we designed Human Machine Interface（HMI）with the configuration software Kingview. The result of experiment proves that this temperature control system could run quickly, accurately and have good stability, which is the advantage of the control system. This control system has been widely used in the industrial temperature control field.
   With the continuous development of automatic science and technology, high-precision, intelligent, user-friendly temperature control system is the inevitable trend of development at home and abroad.
Keywords:  Temperature Control    PLC   HMI   Kingview

目 录
第一章 前言 1
1.1 项目背景、意义 1
1.2 温控系统的现状 2
1.3 项目研究内容 3
第二章 PLC和HMI基础 5
2.1 可编程控制器基础 5
2.1.1 可编程控制器的产生和应用 5
2.1.2 可编程控制器的组成和工作原理 5
2.1.3 可编程控制器的分类及特点 8
2.2 人机界面基础 8
2.2.1 人机界面的定义 8
2.2.2 人机界面产品的组成及工作原理 9
2.2.3 人机界面产品的特点 9
第三章 PLC控制系统硬件设计 10
3.1 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则和步骤 10
3.1.1 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则 10
3.1.2 PLC控制系统设计的一般步骤 11
3.2 PLC的选型与硬件配置 13
3.2.1 PLC型号的选择 13
3.2.2 S7-200 CPU的选择 14
3.2.3 EM231模拟量输入模块 14
3.2.4 热电式传感器 16
3.3 I/O点分配及电气连接图 17
3.4 PLC控制器的设计 17
3.4.1 控制系统数学模型的建立 17
3.4.2 PID控制及参数整定 19
第四章 PLC控制系统软件设计 22
4.1 PLC程序设计方法 22
4.2 编程软件STEP7--MICRO/WIN概述 23
4.2.1 STEP7-Micro/WIN简单介绍 23
4.2.2 梯形图语言特点 24
4.2.3 STEP7-Micro/WIN参数设置（通讯设置） 25
4.3 程序设计 27
4.3.1 设计思路 27
4.3.2 控制程序流程图 27
4.3.3 梯形图程序 28
4.3.4 PID指令向导的运用 31
4.3.5 语句表（STL）程序 35
第五章 基于组态王的HMI设计 37
5.1 人机界面（HMI）设计 37
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